Translation guide
The English word 'casualties' refers to people killed, wounded, or missing in an accident, disaster, or war. Japanese expresses this concept through several nouns and phrases, with the most common being 死傷者 (dead and injured). The choice depends on whether you are emphasizing deaths, injuries, or both, and the context (military, disaster, etc.).
Referring to the total number of people killed and injured in an accident, disaster, or conflict.
The most common and direct translation for 'casualties' when including both dead and wounded. Used in news reports and formal contexts.
The earthquake caused many casualties.
The number of casualties from the accident has not yet been confirmed.
Means 'victims' more broadly, including those affected by a disaster or crime, not necessarily killed or injured. Can be used for casualties in a wider sense.
The typhoon casualties number in the thousands.
Often translated as 'victims', but specifically implies people who lost their lives or were sacrificed. It carries a nuance of tragic loss. Commonly used for fatalities in disasters or wars.
The war produced many casualties.
Emphasizing the number of people killed, not including the injured.
Referring specifically to people who are injured, not killed.
Specifically in a military context, often including those killed, wounded, or missing in action.
Means 'war dead' or 'killed in action'. Used for military deaths.
The battle resulted in many casualties (deaths).
Refers to 'wounded in action'.
Treatment of the wounded casualties is urgent.
Also used in military contexts for total dead and wounded.
死傷者 (shishōsha) is the most direct translation for 'casualties' as it explicitly includes both dead and injured. 犠牲者 (giseisha) emphasizes the tragic loss of life and is often used for fatalities. 被害者 (higaisha) is broader, meaning 'victims', and can include those affected but not physically harmed.
The loanword カジュアルティ (kajuaruti) is not commonly used in Japanese. Stick to the native terms above.
The earthquake caused many casualties.
There were no casualties in the fire.
The army suffered heavy casualties.
死亡者数は前年より減少した。
The number of casualties (deaths) decreased from the previous year.
事故でけが人が出た。
There were casualties (injured people) in the accident.
敵軍の死傷者は甚大だった。
The enemy casualties were enormous.