Translation guide
The act of stopping or ending something. In Japanese, the best word depends on what is stopping: an activity, a state, a supply, or a formal agreement.
To stop doing something, often temporarily or permanently.
Common for stopping an ongoing activity, event, or plan. Often implies a deliberate decision to halt.
The game was called off due to rain.
Used for stopping movement, operation, or function, often of machines or systems. Can also be used for suspension of activities.
Implies a pause or temporary halt, often with the intention to resume.
To bring a state or condition to an end, often permanently.
General term for ending or finishing something, such as a period, event, or contract.
To cut off or discontinue something that was being provided.
Also used for cutting off services like water, electricity, or payments.
To formally end an agreement, treaty, or legal state.
Used for abolishing a system, law, or practice.
中止 (ちゅうし) is for stopping an event or activity, often due to external factors. 停止 (ていし) is for stopping movement or function, like a machine or service. 休止 (きゅうし) implies a temporary pause with intention to resume.
The English word 'cessation' is formal and often used in specific contexts. In Japanese, using the noun form directly can sound unnatural. Often a verb phrase like ～をやめる or ～が止まる is more natural.
The engine suddenly stopped.
Construction was temporarily suspended.
The contract will end next month.
Often used for the conclusion of a conflict, war, or long-standing situation.
We hope for an end to the war.
The electricity supply was cut off.
Implies an abrupt or forced termination, often of a program, funding, or serialized publication.
The show was cancelled.
The law was abolished.
Often used for dissolving a partnership, alliance, or contract.
To dissolve the partnership.