Translation guide
This guide covers how to express the idea of a 'close relation' in Japanese, whether referring to family ties or strong interpersonal bonds. It focuses on natural phrasing for English-speaking learners.
Expressing a close blood or legal family connection.
Literally 'close relative'. This is the most direct and common way to refer to a close family relation.
He is a close relative.
Describing a close bond with a friend, colleague, or other non-family member.
The most natural way to say 'close relationship' in a general sense. '親しい' means intimate or close.
The English word 'close' can be translated as '近い' (chikai) for physical distance, but for relationships, '親しい' (shitashii) or '親密な' (shinmitsu na) is more natural. Using '近い関係' (chikai kankei) is possible but less common and may sound like 'nearby relation'.
Uses '親しい' (intimate/close) with '親族' (relative). Slightly more formal or written.
Only close relatives were invited to the ceremony.
A formal or legal term for 'close relative'. Often used in official contexts.
The funeral was held with only close relatives.
I have a close relationship with him.
Implies a deeper, more intimate bond. Can be used for friendships or romantic connections.
The two are in a close relationship.
A very common, casual way to say people are close or get along well. Often used with friends.
We are very close.
Often used for close ties in business, academic, or abstract contexts. Less personal.
The two countries have a close relationship.