Translation guide
The English phrase 'come of age' refers to reaching legal adulthood or maturity. In Japanese, this is most commonly expressed with the noun 成人 (seijin) or the verb phrase 成人する (seijin suru). The concept is strongly tied to the legal age of 18 (as of 2022) and the cultural celebration 成人式 (seijin-shiki).
To become a legal adult, typically at age 18 or 20 depending on context.
Noun meaning 'adult' or 'adulthood'. Often used in the phrase 成人になる (become an adult).
He came of age this year.
Verb phrase meaning 'to reach adulthood'. More formal than 成人になる.
In Japan, you come of age at 18.
Common colloquial way to say 'become an adult'.
Once you come of age, you can drink alcohol.
To take part in the ceremony or celebration marking adulthood.
To reach a stage of full development, often used for art, movements, or personal growth.
成人 (seijin) specifically means a legal adult, while 大人 (otona) is a more general term for a grown-up. Use 成人 for legal contexts and 大人 for everyday maturity.
Adults (legally) are 18 and over.
What do you want to be when you grow up?
The legal age of adulthood in Japan was lowered from 20 to 18 on April 1, 2022. However, some activities like drinking and smoking still require age 20. Be aware of context when discussing coming of age.
She will come of age next month.
The novel is about a boy coming of age in postwar Japan.
She returned home to attend her Coming of Age ceremony.
He completed his training and came of age as a craftsman.