Translation guide
The English word "cooperate" covers a range of collaborative actions, from working together on a task to complying with a request. In Japanese, the best expression depends on the nature of the cooperation: whether it's mutual teamwork, one-sided compliance, or joining forces for a common goal.
Two or more parties actively collaborate to achieve something together.
The most common and general term for cooperating, emphasizing mutual effort toward a common objective.
Please cooperate on this project.
The two companies cooperated on developing a new product.
Literally "combine forces," this phrase emphasizes pooling efforts or strengths. Slightly more emotive than 協力する.
Let's all cooperate and solve the problem.
Used for joint undertakings, often in formal or business contexts. Implies shared responsibility.
They cooperated on the research.
Cooperation with a focus on coordination and linkage, often between organizations or systems.
The police and fire department cooperated in the rescue effort.
One party does what another asks, often in an investigation, survey, or official matter.
Also used for compliance, especially in polite requests. Context makes the meaning clear.
Would you cooperate with the survey?
He cooperated with the police investigation.
To comply or agree to a request. Often used when the cooperation is somewhat passive.
To follow orders or rules. Implies a hierarchical relationship; stronger than simple cooperation.
People interact smoothly without conflict, often in a social or team environment.
Emphasizes harmony and getting along while working together. Common in workplace or group settings.
It's important to cooperate as a team.
Literally "get along well," used for friendly cooperation, especially among children or in casual contexts.
Cooperate with your siblings (play nicely).
Working with an opposing side, often with a negative connotation (collaboration).
To secretly cooperate with the enemy, betraying one's own side. Strongly negative.
He was cooperating with the enemy.
協力する is the broadest term for cooperation, focusing on working together for a goal. 協調する emphasizes harmony and mutual accommodation, often used in contexts where maintaining good relationships is key.
When "cooperate with" means simply complying or going along with something, 協力する may sound too active. Use 応じる or 従う for passive compliance.
We need everyone to cooperate if we want to finish on time.
The witness refused to cooperate with the police.
彼はインタビューに応じた。
He cooperated with the interview (agreed to be interviewed).
規則に従ってください。
Please cooperate by following the rules.