Translation guide
The state of being curved or the degree to which something is curved. In Japanese, this is expressed with nouns like 曲率 (curvature in mathematical/scientific contexts) and 湾曲 (a curved shape), or with adjectives like 曲がっている (is curved/bent).
Describing something that is curved, bent, or not straight in a physical sense.
Refers to a curved shape or the state of being curved, often used for natural or gradual curves like a river bend or a curved spine.
この道路は緩やかな湾曲を描いている。
This road has a gentle curvature.
The most common way to say something 'is curved' or 'is bent'. It's the te-iru form of 曲がる (to bend/curve).
この木の枝は面白い形に曲がっている。
This tree branch has an interesting curvature.
Means 'curved line' or 'curve'. Often used in design, art, or describing shapes.
このデザインは美しい曲線を使っている。
This design uses beautiful curvature.
Refers to a warp or curvature, often in a specific direction, like the curve of a sword blade or a warped board.
刀の反りが美しい。
The curvature of the sword is beautiful.
The precise measure of how much a curve deviates from a straight line, used in math, physics, or engineering.
The standard term for 'curvature' in mathematics and physics, e.g., curvature of a curve, surface, or space.
この曲面の曲率を計算してください。
Please calculate the curvature of this surface.
Sometimes used for 'curvature' in medical or biological contexts, like curvature of the spine, but 曲率 is more common in pure math.
脊椎の湾曲率を測定する。
Measure the curvature of the spine.
Referring to abnormal curvature of the spine, such as scoliosis or kyphosis.
Medical term for scoliosis, a lateral curvature of the spine.
側弯症と診断された。
I was diagnosed with curvature of the spine (scoliosis).
General term for spinal curvature, can refer to any abnormal curve.
加齢により脊柱湾曲が進行することがある。
Spinal curvature can progress with age.
湾曲 (わんきょく) describes the shape or state of being curved, often in a physical, visible sense. 曲率 (きょくりつ) is the mathematical measure of curvature. Use 湾曲 for everyday descriptions and 曲率 for technical contexts.
カーブ (from English 'curve') is common for road curves or sports trajectories, but it's not used for the abstract concept of curvature. Stick to 湾曲 or 曲率.