Translation guide
The condition of relying on a drug, physically or psychologically. In Japanese, this is most commonly expressed with 薬物依存, but related terms distinguish between addiction, physical dependence, and psychological dependence.
The broad condition of being dependent on drugs, including both physical and psychological aspects.
The standard term for drug dependence, used in medical and everyday contexts.
He is receiving treatment for drug dependence.
Literally 'drug dependence syndrome', often used in clinical settings.
Drug dependence is a serious illness.
Emphasizing the compulsive, psychological aspect of drug use.
The body's adaptation to a drug, leading to withdrawal symptoms.
Specifically refers to physical dependence, as opposed to psychological dependence.
Physical dependence causes withdrawal symptoms.
The emotional or mental reliance on a drug.
Refers to psychological dependence, the craving or compulsion to use a drug.
Psychological dependence can last a long time.
While both can translate to 'dependence' or 'addiction', 依存 (izon) is broader and can refer to any kind of reliance (e.g., alcohol dependence, internet dependence). 中毒 (chūdoku) often implies poisoning or a more severe, harmful addiction. In medical contexts, 依存 is preferred for 'dependence', while 中毒 is used for 'addiction' or 'intoxication'.
He is battling addiction.