Translation guide
Dwarfism is a medical condition characterized by short stature. In Japanese, it is most commonly referred to as 小人症 (こびとしょう), but the term 低身長症 (ていしんちょうしょう) is also used in medical contexts. When discussing people with dwarfism, it is important to use respectful language; the word 小人 (こびと) can be derogatory if used carelessly.
Referring to the medical condition of dwarfism in a clinical or formal context.
The standard medical term for dwarfism. It is neutral and widely understood.
彼は小人症と診断された。
He was diagnosed with dwarfism.
A more clinical term sometimes used to emphasize short stature as a symptom. Less common in everyday language.
Referring to a person who has dwarfism, with respect and sensitivity.
A polite and respectful way to refer to a person with dwarfism. Using 方 (かた) instead of 人 (ひと) adds politeness.
小人症の方が社会で活躍できる環境を整える必要がある。
We need to create an environment where people with dwarfism can thrive in society.
The word 小人 (こびと) can be offensive when used to describe a real person with dwarfism. It is safer to use 小人症の方 or 小人症の人. In medical or formal contexts, stick to 小人症 or 低身長症.
低身長症の治療法について研究が進んでいる。
Research is progressing on treatments for dwarfism.
A neutral way to refer to a person with dwarfism. Less formal than 方 but still acceptable in many contexts.
小人症の人は、日常生活で様々な困難に直面することがある。
People with dwarfism sometimes face various difficulties in daily life.
Literally 'little person'. This word can be derogatory or associated with fairy-tale dwarfs. Use with caution and only in contexts where it is clearly not intended as an insult.
Avoid using this term to refer to real people unless you are certain it is acceptable in the specific community or context. It often carries a negative or fantastical connotation.
昔話には小人がよく登場する。
Dwarfs often appear in folktales.