Translation guide
The English word "egoism" refers to a focus on oneself, often with a negative connotation of selfishness. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 利己主義, but depending on context, other terms like エゴイズム or 自己中心性 may be more natural. This guide helps learners choose the right expression.
Expressing the idea that one prioritizes their own interests, often as a general stance or philosophy.
The standard translation for 'egoism' as a philosophical or ethical stance. It implies a systematic prioritization of self-interest.
His actions are based on egoism.
A loanword from English, often used in casual or modern contexts. It can sound slightly less formal than 利己主義.
I'm fed up with his egoism.
A more literary or psychological term meaning 'self-centeredness'. It is less common in everyday speech.
A self-centered way of thinking damages relationships.
Describing someone who acts selfishly, without regard for others.
Abbreviation of 自己中心的, very common in casual conversation to describe a selfish person or behavior.
That person is so selfish, isn't he?
An adjective meaning 'selfish' or 'egoistic'. Often used in more formal or written contexts.
Means 'selfish' or 'willful', often used for childish or demanding behavior. It is less about a philosophy and more about personal demands.
Referring to the philosophical theory that individuals should act in their own self-interest.
The precise term for 'ethical egoism' in philosophy.
Ethical egoism is one position in moral philosophy.
The descriptive theory that humans are always motivated by self-interest.
The standard term for 'psychological egoism'.
Psychological egoism attempts to explain human behavior.
利己主義 is a formal term for egoism as a principle. 自己中 (or 自己中心的) is the most common way to call someone selfish in daily life. わがまま implies childish or demanding selfishness, often used for specific actions rather than a personality trait.
He is an egoist (philosophical stance).
He is selfish (personality).
He is selfish (demanding/childish).
Using 利己主義 in casual conversation can sound overly formal or academic. For everyday situations, 自己中 or わがまま are more natural.
The full form of 自己中, meaning 'self-centered'. Slightly more formal than 自己中 but still common.
She has a self-centered personality.
利己的な動機で行動する。
Act from selfish motives.
わがままを言わないで。
Don't be so selfish.