Translation guide
The English word 'evolution' can refer to biological evolution, gradual development, or change over time. This guide covers natural Japanese expressions for these meanings, from scientific terms to everyday phrases.
The scientific theory of evolution by natural selection, or the process of species changing over generations.
Darwin's theory of evolution is famous.
I learned about human evolution.
Specifically 'theory of evolution'. Often used when discussing Darwinism or evolutionary biology as a concept.
The theory of evolution is the foundation of biology.
The process of something developing gradually over time, such as technology, society, or a skill.
Also used metaphorically for non-biological evolution, like technology or ideas. Very common.
Smartphones have evolved rapidly.
His way of thinking evolved over time.
Means 'development' or 'progress'. Often used for societal, economic, or technological advancement. Less biological nuance than 進化.
Means 'transition' or 'changes over time'. Often used in formal or written contexts to describe historical evolution of systems, customs, etc.
A process of change from one state to another, not necessarily gradual or progressive.
General word for 'change'. Can be used for evolution when the focus is on the fact of changing rather than progress.
We must adapt to the evolution of the market.
A phrase meaning 'to achieve evolution' or 'to undergo evolution'. Emphasizes a significant transformation.
進化 implies a directional, often progressive change. For neutral or non-directional change, use 変化 instead. Saying 変化した is safer when you just mean 'changed'.
進化 is closer to 'evolution' (biological or metaphorical), while 発展 is 'development' or 'expansion'. Use 発展 for economic growth, urban development, or unfolding of events.
インターネットの発展は目覚ましい。
The evolution of the internet is remarkable.
日本語の変遷を研究しています。
I'm researching the evolution of the Japanese language.
This product has undergone a major evolution.