Translation guide
The English word "exploit" has two main meanings: (1) to take unfair advantage of someone or something, and (2) to make full use of a resource or opportunity. Japanese uses different words for these meanings, and the negative sense is more common in everyday language.
Express that someone is using another person, a situation, or a system in a selfish or unethical way for their own benefit.
exploit workers · exploit someone's kindness · exploit a loophole
That company exploits its employees.
A broader term meaning 'to use' or 'take advantage of'. It can be neutral or negative depending on context. When used for exploitation, it often implies manipulating a person or situation for personal gain.
Can also mean simply 'to use' in a neutral sense. Context is key.
He exploits people's goodwill.
A colloquial phrase meaning 'to use someone as one pleases' or 'to take advantage of someone'. It conveys a sense of being used unfairly.
He's exploiting me (using me for his own convenience).
A vivid, somewhat slangy expression meaning 'to prey upon' or 'to exploit' someone, often financially or sexually. It has a strong negative connotation.
He exploits the weak.
Express that someone is using something to its maximum potential, often in a positive or neutral sense (e.g., exploiting natural resources, exploiting a talent).
exploit an opportunity · exploit natural resources · exploit a talent
Means 'to make good use of' or 'to utilize effectively'. Commonly used for skills, resources, data, etc. It has a positive connotation.
He fully exploits his talents.
As above, this can also mean 'to utilize' in a neutral or positive sense, especially for resources or opportunities.
Means 'to develop' or 'to exploit' in the sense of tapping natural resources or opening up new areas. Often used in economic or technical contexts.
搾取する is specifically about unfair exploitation, especially of people. 利用する is broader and can be neutral (utilize) or negative (take advantage of). Use 搾取する for clear cases of unethical exploitation, and 利用する when the context is ambiguous or when you mean 'make use of'.
There is no single Japanese word that covers all meanings of 'exploit'. Always consider whether you mean unfair exploitation or effective utilization, and choose the appropriate term.
The company was accused of exploiting child labor.
We need to exploit every possible resource to solve this problem.
Exploit solar energy to generate electricity.
The country is exploiting its natural resources.