Translation guide
The English word "functional" has several distinct meanings. This guide covers the most common uses for learners: describing something that works or is practical, relating to the purpose of something, and the medical sense of affecting function without structural damage. It also touches on mathematical and linguistic uses.
Describing something that is operational, not broken, and able to perform its intended function.
Verb meaning 'to function' or 'to work'. Used for machines, systems, or body parts.
This machine is still functional.
Common verb meaning 'to move' or 'to work'. More casual than 機能する.
The air conditioner isn't functional.
Potential form of 使う (to use), meaning 'usable' or 'functional'. Often used for tools or devices.
This printer is still functional.
Adjectival form meaning 'functional' in the sense of being practical or designed for utility. Less common for simply 'working'.
Functional design is preferred.
Describing something designed to be useful and practical rather than decorative or luxurious.
Standard adjective for 'practical' or 'functional'. Used for objects, clothing, furniture, etc.
I like this bag because it's functional.
Similar to 実用的な, but emphasizes design focused on function. Often used in product descriptions.
Phrase meaning 'easy to use' or 'user-friendly', often implying functional design.
Describing the role, job, or intended purpose of a person, object, or system.
Describing a medical condition where an organ or body part does not work properly, but no physical abnormality is found.
In mathematics, describing something that involves or is related to a function (a mapping between sets).
In linguistics, describing an approach that focuses on how language is used in context.
Refers to 'functional' in functional linguistics or functional grammar.
Analyze from a functional grammar perspective.
When you mean something is simply 'working' or 'not broken', avoid directly translating 'functional' as 機能的な. Instead, use verbs like 動く or 機能する, or the adjective 使える. 機能的な is more about design or purpose.
I'm looking for functional kitchen tools.
This app is very functional.
His role within the team is functional.
It might be caused by a functional problem.