Translation guide
Expresses intense, rigorous, or demanding physical or mental training. Japanese often uses compound nouns or set phrases rather than a single adjective + noun.
Describe a training regimen that is physically demanding, often involving endurance, strength, or skill repetition.
Literally 'fierce practice'. Commonly used for sports or skill training that is extremely intense.
彼は毎日猛練習をしている。
He does hard training every day.
A direct translation using 'intense' + 'training'. Natural and widely understood.
激しいトレーニングの後は、しっかり休むことが大切だ。
After hard training, it's important to rest well.
Uses the loanword 'hard' (ハード). Very common in casual or sports contexts.
今日の練習は本当にハードだった。
Today's practice was really hard.
Emphasizes strictness or severity, often used for military, police, or disciplined training.
新入社員は厳しい訓練を受ける。
New employees undergo hard training.
Refers to Spartan-style training, implying extreme discipline and hardship. Often used metaphorically.
あのコーチの練習はスパルタ式だ。
That coach's training is hard/spartan.
Describe training that is intellectually challenging or requires great concentration and effort.
Literally 'fierce study'. Used for intense academic preparation or skill acquisition.
試験前は猛勉強が必要だ。
Hard training (studying) is necessary before exams.
Refers to rigorous training programs, often in corporate or professional settings.
新人は厳しい研修を乗り越えなければならない。
Newcomers must get through hard training.
Express that someone voluntarily engages in hard training to improve themselves.
Means 'to push oneself hard'. Often used in sports or personal development contexts.
彼は自分を追い込んで練習している。
He is training hard, pushing himself to the limit.
Literally 'accumulate training/discipline'. Implies long-term, dedicated effort.
彼は日々鍛錬を積んでいる。
He undergoes hard training every day.
練習 (れんしゅう) is general practice, often for skills or arts. 訓練 (くんれん) implies systematic training, often for specific goals or professions. トレーニング is a loanword used broadly for physical or skill training, similar to English 'training'.
毎日ピアノの練習をする。
I practice piano every day.
消防士は厳しい訓練を受ける。
Firefighters undergo hard training.
筋力トレーニングをしている。
I'm doing strength training.