Translation guide
A heterozygote is an individual organism that has two different alleles at a specific gene locus. This is a technical term from genetics, and the Japanese equivalent is also technical.
The standard biological term for an individual with heterozygous genotype at a given locus.
The standard technical term in genetics. Composed of 'hetero' (ヘテロ) + 'zygote' (接合体). Used in scientific contexts.
This individual is a heterozygote for that gene locus.
An alternative term using native Japanese morphemes (異型 'different type' + 接合体 'zygote'). Less common than ヘテロ接合体 but still used in some textbooks.
Informal abbreviation used in lab settings or casual scientific conversation. Can be ambiguous without context.
This term is highly specialized. In everyday conversation, you would not use 'heterozygote'. If explaining the concept to a non-specialist, you might say something like '異なる遺伝子を持つ個体' (an individual with different genes).
In a heterozygote, the dominant trait is expressed.
この系統はヘテロだから、分離比に注意して。
This strain is a heterozygote, so watch the segregation ratio.