Translation guide
In Japanese, the term for intellectual disability has evolved over time. The most current and neutral term is 知的障害 (ちてきしょうがい). Older terms like 精神薄弱 (せいしんはくじゃく) are now considered outdated and potentially offensive. This guide covers the appropriate terminology and usage in modern Japanese.
To refer to the condition of intellectual disability in a neutral, respectful way.
The standard, neutral term for intellectual disability. Used in medical, educational, and everyday contexts.
He has an intellectual disability.
Support children with intellectual disabilities.
Sometimes used to emphasize the developmental aspect. Slightly more formal or clinical.
Received a diagnosis of intellectual developmental disability.
To recognize older terms that are no longer appropriate.
Formerly used term, now considered derogatory. Replaced by 知的障害. Do not use.
This term is outdated and offensive. Use 知的障害 instead.
The term 'mental retardation' is no longer used.
A derogatory slang term. Highly offensive. Never use.
Extremely offensive. Do not use.
To refer to a person with an intellectual disability respectfully.
To specify a mild degree of intellectual disability.
Mild intellectual disability. Commonly used in educational and medical settings.
Diagnosed with mild intellectual disability.
Terms like 精神薄弱 (せいしんはくじゃく) and 知恵遅れ (ちえおくれ) are now considered derogatory. Always use 知的障害 (ちてきしょうがい) in modern contexts.
While 知的障害者 (ちてきしょうがいしゃ) is common, using 知的障害のある人 (ちてきしょうがいのあるひと) is often preferred to emphasize the person before the disability.
The term 'chieokure' is a discriminatory word.
Literally 'intellectually disabled person'. This is a common compound, but some prefer the person-first version. Generally acceptable in formal contexts.
Support facility for people with intellectual disabilities