Translation guide
The concept of lacking moderation or self-restraint, especially regarding alcohol, but also in behavior, speech, or indulgence in general.
To describe habitual or occasional overindulgence in alcohol, or a general lack of restraint in drinking.
The most common and natural way to say 'drinking too much'. Can be used as a noun or with する to mean 'to drink too much'.
Be careful not to drink too much.
I drank too much yesterday and have a headache.
A more formal or medical term for excessive drinking. Often used in health contexts.
Excessive drinking has a negative impact on health.
Heavy or reckless drinking, often implying a wild or uncontrolled manner. Commonly used in the set phrase 暴飲暴食 (overindulgence in food and drink).
Overindulgence in food and drink is bad for your health.
To describe a general tendency to overindulge or lack moderation in various aspects of life, such as eating, spending, or emotions.
Literally 'lack of moderation'. A natural way to describe intemperance in a broad sense, applicable to many contexts.
I'm amazed at his lack of moderation.
An intemperate lifestyle damages your health.
A more formal term for intemperance or lack of self-control, often used in moral or philosophical discussions.
Self-indulgence or licentiousness, implying a lack of moral restraint. Often used in literary or critical contexts.
To describe harsh, unrestrained, or excessive words or actions, often in anger or passion.
The English word 'intemperance' is relatively formal and uncommon. In Japanese, it is usually more natural to specify the type of excess (e.g., drinking, eating) rather than using a broad abstract noun. Use 飲み過ぎ for drinking, 食べ過ぎ for eating, etc., unless a formal or literary tone is intended.
Intemperance can sometimes ruin a person.
放縦な生活を送る。
Lead a life of intemperance.
過激な言葉で相手を傷つけた。
He hurt the other person with intemperate language.