Translation guide
Expresses a conclusion, inference, or guess based on evidence or observation. Japanese uses several patterns depending on the source of information and level of certainty.
To express a judgment or inference drawn from direct observation, information, or general knowledge.
Used to indicate a judgment based on a specific piece of information or observation. Often translates to 'judging from' or 'considering'.
彼の話し方からすると、彼は緊張しているようだ。
Judging from the way he speaks, he seems nervous.
この空模様からすると、雨が降りそうだ。
Judging from the look of the sky, it looks like rain.
Literally 'looking from', used to express a judgment based on visual evidence or a particular standpoint.
彼の服装から見ると、お金持ちではないようだ。
Judging from his clothes, he doesn't seem to be rich.
Used when making a judgment based on a specific observed situation or action. Often followed by a conjecture.
彼が急いでいるところを見ると、何かあったに違いない。
Judging from the fact that he's in a hurry, something must have happened.
A more formal and explicit way to say 'judging from'. Common in written or analytical contexts.
データから判断すると、この方法が最も効果的だ。
Judging from the data, this method is the most effective.
To express a judgment based on typical patterns, past experience, or common sense.
Used to state a conclusion based on general knowledge, experience, or typical characteristics. Often translates to 'speaking from' or 'judging from'.
私の経験から言うと、この仕事は一週間で終わります。
Judging from my experience, this work will be finished in a week.
彼の性格から言うと、そんなことはしないはずだ。
Judging from his personality, he wouldn't do such a thing.
Emphasizes that even a single aspect or example is enough to form a judgment. Often used for negative evaluations.
彼の態度からして、やる気がないのがわかる。
Judging from his attitude alone, you can tell he's not motivated.
To express a judgment based on visible or superficial evidence.
Literally 'from what I see', used to give a tentative judgment based on appearance. Often followed by 'ようだ' or 'そうだ'.
見たところ、彼は元気そうだ。
Judging from appearances, he seems fine.
見たところ、問題はなさそうだ。
Judging from what I see, there doesn't seem to be a problem.
Explicitly 'judging from outward appearance'. More formal and less common in casual speech.
外見からすると、彼は40代に見える。
Judging from his appearance, he looks like he's in his 40s.
All three can translate to 'judging from', but they have different nuances. からすると is the most general and can be used for any kind of basis. から見ると emphasizes visual or observable evidence. から言うと is used when speaking from a particular standpoint, such as experience or common knowledge.
天気予報からすると、明日は晴れだ。
Judging from the weather forecast, it will be sunny tomorrow.
彼の表情から見ると、嬉しそうだ。
Judging from his expression, he looks happy.
私の感覚から言うと、この計画はうまくいかない。
Judging from my intuition, this plan won't work.
Do not directly translate 'judging from' as 判断して (handan shite) in most conversational contexts. It sounds overly formal and unnatural. Use the patterns above instead.
彼のアクセントからすると、大阪出身だ。
Judging from his accent, he's from Osaka.
彼女の話し方からすると、教養があるに違いない。
Judging from the way she talks, she must be well-educated.
Judging from my intuition, this plan won't work.
Do not directly translate 'judging from' as 判断して (handan shite) in most conversational contexts. It sounds overly formal and unnatural. Use the patterns above instead.