Translation guide
A katabatic wind is a downslope wind that carries dense, cold air from high elevations, such as mountains or glaciers, down to lower areas. In Japanese, this is a technical meteorological term, but there are also more common words for cold downslope winds.
The scientific term for a wind that flows down a slope due to gravity acting on dense, cold air.
The standard Japanese meteorological term for katabatic wind. Used in weather forecasts and scientific contexts.
Tonight it will get cold due to the katabatic wind.
A direct loan from English 'katabatic wind', sometimes used in academic or technical writing. Less common than 滑降風.
Katabatic winds are often observed in Antarctica.
A cold wind blowing down from mountains, often experienced locally. Not necessarily the strict meteorological definition.
A general term for a wind blowing down a mountain slope. Often used in local wind names (e.g., 六甲おろし). Can be cold, but not exclusively.
A cold downslope wind blew from the mountain.
Literally 'mountain downwind', a common way to describe a wind descending a mountain. Often implies cold air.
A single kanji for 'oroshi', meaning wind blowing down a mountain. Often used in proper names of local winds, like 六甲颪 (Rokkō oroshi).
In Japan, many regions have specific names for cold downslope winds, such as 六甲おろし (Rokkō oroshi) in Kobe or 比良おろし (Hira oroshi) in Shiga. If you are talking about a specific local wind, it's best to use the local name rather than the generic term.
滑降風 (kakkōfū) is the scientific term for katabatic wind, used in meteorology. おろし (oroshi) is a more general and traditional term for any wind blowing down a mountain, often used in everyday language and local names.
山おろしが強くて、とても寒い。
The mountain downwind is strong and it's very cold.
The Rokkō oroshi is a winter feature of Kobe.