Translation guide
Kugyō refers to the highest-ranking court nobles in the Japanese imperial court, primarily during the Heian period and later. This guide explains the term's meaning and how to refer to these high officials in Japanese.
Referring to the collective body of top-ranking court officials in pre-modern Japan, especially the top three ranks and some from the fourth rank.
The standard term for the high-ranking court nobles. It originally referred to those of the Third Rank and above, plus some officials of the Fourth Rank. Use this when discussing the historical court hierarchy.
Referring to a single person who holds the rank of kugyō.
Can be used for an individual as well. Context usually makes it clear whether it's singular or plural.
The term kugyō is specific to the Japanese imperial court system. It is not used in modern government contexts. When discussing contemporary high officials, use terms like 高官 (こうかん, high-ranking official) or 閣僚 (かくりょう, cabinet minister).
平安時代の公卿は、政治の中心にいた。
The kugyō of the Heian period were at the center of politics.
The kugyō participated in important ceremonies at the imperial palace.
An older term for high-ranking courtiers, often used synonymously with kugyō. It has a slightly more archaic or literary feel.
The kandachime served as close attendants to the emperor.
He became a kugyō at a young age.