Translation guide
The English verb 'lick' refers to passing the tongue over a surface. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 舐める (なめる), but the appropriate expression depends on what is being licked and the context. This guide covers literal licking, idiomatic uses, and related expressions.
To pass the tongue over something, such as food, lips, or an object.
The standard verb for 'lick'. Can be used for licking food, lips, stamps, etc.
The cat is licking its paw.
Lick an ice cream.
A less common, somewhat literary or dialectal verb for licking, often implying a more thorough or savoring lick.
The dog is licking the bone.
To moisten the lips with the tongue, often in anticipation of food or nervously.
The literal phrase for licking one's lips.
He licked his lips nervously.
To use the tongue to remove food residue from a surface.
Figurative use where flames or water touch something lightly and repeatedly.
To underestimate or not take seriously. Often used in the phrase 舐めてかかる or 舐めるな.
To approach something with an attitude of underestimation. Often used as a warning.
If you underestimate that opponent, you'll get hurt.
A strong, informal warning: 'Don't underestimate me/it!' or 'Don't mess with me!'
Can sound aggressive or confrontational. Use only in very informal situations.
Don't underestimate me!
Same as 舐める but using a different kanji, sometimes used in the idiomatic sense of 'to taste' hardship or to make light of.
To go through a difficult experience, often phrased as 'licking bitterness' or similar.
To moisten adhesive with the tongue.
Specifically for licking a stamp.
I licked the stamp before putting it on the envelope.
When an animal licks itself, another animal, or a person.
English idioms like 'lick one's wounds' or 'lick into shape' do not translate directly using 舐める. Instead, use equivalent Japanese expressions or rephrase.
To lick one's wounds (figuratively)
舐める (nameru) means to lick, while しゃぶる (shaburu) means to suck or suck on. Do not confuse them. For example, licking a lollipop is 舐める, but sucking on it is しゃぶる.
To experience hardship (literally 'to taste hardship').
To endure hardships; literally 'to lick hardships and acids'.
He went through hardships when he was young.