Translation guide
The English word 'luster' refers to a soft, gentle sheen or glow, often on a surface. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 光沢 (こうたく), but the best choice depends on what is shining and the context.
Describing a gentle, reflective shine on objects like metal, ceramics, hair, or fabric.
The standard word for luster or gloss. Used for surfaces like metal, pottery, hair, and fabric.
This pottery has a beautiful luster.
My hair has lost its luster.
Also means luster or gloss, often with a nuance of a healthy, attractive shine, especially on hair, skin, or fruit.
Her hair has a natural luster.
Means radiance or brilliance, but can be used for luster in a more poetic or intense sense.
The luster of pearls is elegant.
Describing the specific shine of minerals, pearls, or gemstones.
Describing a metaphorical shine, such as fame, excellence, or attractiveness.
Refers to brilliance or glory, often used figuratively for outstanding achievements or beauty.
His achievements still retain their luster.
Can be used figuratively for the luster of a person's talent or a city's charm.
Literally 'to fade in color', but often used to mean 'to lose luster' figuratively.
光沢 is the general term for luster and can be used for any surface. 艶 often implies a healthy, attractive shine, especially on organic things like hair, skin, or fruit. 艶 is also used in phrases like 艶が出る (to become lustrous).
While 光沢を失う is correct for physical luster, figurative loss of appeal is often expressed with 色あせる (to fade) or 魅力がなくなる (to lose charm).
若さの輝きは永遠ではない。
The luster of youth is not eternal.
His fame has lost its luster.