Translation guide
The English word 'metal' can refer to the material itself, a metallic substance, or be used in compound terms. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 金属 (きんぞく), but other words like メタル (metaru) and 金 (かね) are used in specific contexts.
metal (material)
Referring to the general category of metallic substances, such as iron, steel, aluminum, etc.
The standard word for 'metal' as a material. Used in scientific, technical, and everyday contexts.
This part is made of metal.
Metals conduct heat well.
Loanword from English, often used in compound words, brand names, or music genres (e.g., heavy metal). Less common for everyday material reference.
He likes heavy metal music.
An older or colloquial term for metal, often used in compounds like 金物 (かなもの, hardware) or in the phrase 金がかかる (costs money). Not used alone for 'metal' in modern standard Japanese.
I bought metal parts at the hardware store.
Referring to a specific type of metal, such as gold, silver, or iron.
Can be used with modifiers to specify the type, e.g., 貴金属 (precious metals).
Gold is a precious metal.
Often, the specific metal name is used directly, e.g., 鉄 (てつ, iron), 銅 (どう, copper), アルミ (aluminum).
This pot is made of iron.
Distinguishing metal from other materials.
While メタル is understood, it sounds like a loanword and is not the natural choice for everyday material reference. Use 金属 instead.