Translation guide
A relationship between linguistic elements that can substitute for each other in a given context, as opposed to syntagmatic (sequential) relations. This is a technical term from structural linguistics.
The technical concept in structural linguistics where elements belong to the same category and can replace one another in a sentence structure.
Standard translation in linguistics. 範列 means 'paradigm' and 関係 means 'relation'.
「走る」と「歩く」は範列的関係にある。
"Hashiru" (run) and "aruku" (walk) are in a paradigmatic relation.
Loanword version using 'paradigmatic'. Common in academic contexts.
ソシュールはパラディグマティックな関係とシンタグマティックな関係を区別した。
Saussure distinguished between paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations.
Older term used in some Japanese linguistic traditions, literally 'associative relation'. Less common today.
連合的関係は、ある要素が他の要素と置き換え可能な関係を指す。
Associative relation refers to the relation where one element can be replaced by another.
In Japanese linguistics, 範列的関係 (paradigmatic) is often contrasted with 統合的関係 (syntagmatic). The former is about substitution (vertical axis), the latter about combination (horizontal axis).
範列的関係は縦の軸、統合的関係は横の軸で説明される。
Paradigmatic relations are explained on the vertical axis, and syntagmatic relations on the horizontal axis.
This is a highly specialized term. In everyday conversation, it is almost never used. If you are not discussing linguistics, you probably need a different expression.