Translation guide
The study of speech sounds. In Japanese, this is usually expressed with the term 音声学 (おんせいがく). For everyday contexts like 'the phonetics of a word', use 発音 (はつおん) or describe the sounds directly.
Referring to phonetics as a branch of linguistics.
The standard academic term for phonetics.
He is majoring in phonetics at university.
Talking about how a word is pronounced, its phonetic transcription, or sound structure.
Referring to the set of sounds or phonetic characteristics of a language.
音声学 is strictly the academic field. If you say 「この単語の音声学を教えて」 it sounds unnatural. Use 発音 instead.
Phonetic transcription or notation. Used when specifically referring to written phonetic symbols.
The dictionary includes phonetic transcriptions.
Phonetic symbols (like IPA). Commonly used by learners.
Can you read phonetic symbols?
Phonological system. Often overlaps with 'phonetics' in casual use, but technically refers to phonology.
The phonetics of English and Japanese differ greatly.