Translation guide
The English word 'prayer' can refer to the act of praying, a set of words used in prayer, or a specific request made to a deity. In Japanese, different words and phrases are used depending on the context, such as personal prayer, formal religious prayer, or a wish. This guide helps you choose the most natural expression.
prayer (general)
to say a prayer
Literally 'to offer a prayer', a common phrase.
To refer to the act of communicating with a deity or the words spoken during that act, in a general or personal context.
The most common and general word for 'prayer'. It can refer to both the act of praying and the words used. Suitable for everyday use, including personal prayers.
Every night, I offer a prayer before going to bed.
Polite form of 祈り, often used in formal settings or when referring to prayers in a respectful manner, such as at ceremonies or for others.
Nominalized form meaning 'the act of praying'. Used when emphasizing the action itself.
To refer to a fixed, often religious, prayer text.
To express a personal request or wish made in prayer.
To refer specifically to Christian prayer practices.
While 祈り can mean 'prayer', it is not used for casual wishes like 'I hope it doesn't rain.' For that, use 願う (ねがう) or 〜といいな.
祈り (いのり) implies a spiritual or religious act of praying, while 願い (ねがい) is a general wish or desire. Use 願い for non-religious hopes.
She said a prayer for her sick friend.
Her prayer was very beautiful.
皆様の安全をお祈りいたします。
I pray for everyone's safety.
Praying calms the mind.
Can also be used for specific prayers, especially when the context makes it clear.
Let us recite the Lord's Prayer.
A more formal term for prayer, often used in religious ceremonies or for specific ritual prayers. Can sound stiff in casual conversation.
Receive a prayer (ritual) at a shrine.
Refers to a prayer for a specific wish or petition, often at a shrine or temple. More about the act of making a wish.
I received a prayer for passing the exam.
Literally 'a thing wished for'. Commonly used when referring to the content of a prayer, especially at shrines or temples.
Make a wish/prayer to God.
As above, but can also refer to the prayer itself as a petition.
Pray for world peace.
Still the standard term, but often used with Christian-specific phrases.
Offer a prayer at church.
Polite form, often used by Christians when speaking respectfully about prayer.
The priest led the congregation in prayer.