Translation guide
How to express the idea of whether something exists, is present, or is absent in Japanese. Covers both concrete presence/absence and abstract existence/non-existence.
there is / there isn't (thing)
there is / there isn't (person/animal)
To say that something or someone exists or does not exist, is present or absent.
Used for inanimate objects, abstract concepts, events, etc. ある means 'to exist/be present', ない is its negative.
There is a book on the desk.
There is no problem.
Used for living beings (people, animals). いる means 'to exist/be present', いない is its negative.
There are children in the park.
Formal noun meaning 'existence or non-existence', often used in official contexts.
To talk about whether someone is present at a place, such as at school, work, or an event.
Attendance, presence (at a meeting, class, etc.). Often used with する.
I will confirm his attendance.
Absence, non-attendance. The opposite of 出席.
Being at one's desk or in the office; presence at a workplace.
Absence from home or office; not being present.
To express the presence or absence of a feature, component, or condition.
Literally 'attached' or 'not attached', used for features, accessories, etc.
This camera does not have a flash.
Suffixes meaning 'with N' and 'without N', often used in product descriptions.
Product with a warranty
Plain forms meaning 'with/yes' and 'without/no', used in checklists or casual speech.
To talk about whether a certain condition, quality, or state exists.
Also used for abstract qualities like meaning, value, ability, etc.
This word has a deep meaning.
He has no talent.
Use ある for inanimate objects and abstract things, いる for living beings. Using ある for people sounds rude or objectifying.
I have a friend. (correct)
I have a friend. (incorrect, sounds like a possession)
誰もいない。
There is no one.
Please check whether the documents exist or not.
欠席の連絡をする。
I will report my absence.
Is Mr. Tanaka at his desk?
ご不在でしたので、また連絡します。
Since you were not in, I will contact you again.
砂糖なしのコーヒー
Coffee without sugar
Do you have experience or not?