有う無む

noun

existence or nonexistence; presence or absence

Used in formal or written contexts to ask or state whether something exists or is present. Often appears in the pattern 有無を問わず (regardless of presence/absence).

• 経けい験けんの有う無むは問といません。

  We do not ask about the presence or absence of experience.

• 資し料りょうの有う無むを確かく認にんしてください。

  Please check whether the materials exist.

noun

consent or refusal; yes or no

Refers to a person's agreement or rejection, often in formal decision-making contexts. Common in the phrase 有無を言わせず (without giving a chance to say yes or no).

• 彼かれは有う無むを言いわせずに契けい約やくを進すすめた。

  He pushed the contract forward without giving them a chance to say yes or no.

• 相あい手ての有う無むを確たしかめる必ひつ要ようがある。

  We need to confirm the other party's consent or refusal.