Translation guide
How to express the idea of physically supporting something to keep it from falling, or metaphorically supporting a person, system, or situation.
To hold something up or prevent it from falling over, often temporarily.
General verb for physically supporting something. Can be used for objects, people, or abstract things.
I propped up the shelf that was about to fall with my hand.
To lean something against a wall or other surface to keep it upright.
I propped the broom up against the wall.
To prop something up with a pole or stick. Often used for plants or heavy objects.
I propped up the heavy branch with a pole.
To provide help, encouragement, or resources to keep someone or something going.
Also used metaphorically for emotional, financial, or structural support.
She is propping up her family financially.
To support or back up, often used for organizations, projects, or people in need.
To enable someone or something to hold out or endure. Implies preventing collapse under pressure.
To make a quick, temporary repair or arrangement to keep something functioning.
支える is a versatile verb for both physical and abstract support. 支援する is more formal and often implies organized aid or backing, such as from an institution.
support a friend (emotionally or practically)
provide support to the disaster area
English 'prop up' often implies using a physical prop. In Japanese, 支える is more general and doesn't always require a prop. Use 立てかける when leaning something, and つっかえ棒をする when using a pole specifically.
The government is propping up small and medium-sized enterprises.
His encouragement propped me up.
Propping it up with a makeshift solution won't last long.