Translation guide
In Japanese, the concept of 'rations' is expressed through words for distributed food supplies, military provisions, or emergency food. The most common term is 配給 (haikyū) for general rationing, while 兵糧 (hyōrō) is used for military contexts. For modern emergency supplies, 非常食 (hijōshoku) is standard.
Food or supplies distributed in fixed amounts, especially during shortages or in institutional settings.
Refers to the act of rationing or the rations themselves. Commonly used for government or institutional distribution of food and goods.
During the war, food rations were restricted.
A long line formed to receive rations.
Specifically refers to rationed goods or items distributed as rations.
The rice ration was one gō per person per day.
Food supplies for soldiers, especially in the field.
Traditional term for military provisions or army rations. Often used in historical contexts.
The castle fell when the rations ran out.
Provisions or food supplies, often used in military or expedition contexts.
Modern term for combat rations, equivalent to MREs (Meals Ready-to-Eat).
Food stored for emergencies like natural disasters.
A fixed amount of food given to a person for a day or a meal, often in institutional settings.
配給 (haikyū) is the general term for rationing or distributed rations, often used in historical or institutional contexts. 非常食 (hijōshoku) specifically means emergency food stored for disasters. 兵糧 (hyōrō) is a traditional term for military provisions, while 戦闘糧食 (sentō ryōshoku) is the modern military term. For everyday talk about emergency supplies, 非常食 is most natural.
Rationing was strict during the war.
Check the expiration date of emergency rations.
The loanword レーション (rēshon) exists but is mainly used for military MREs or in specific contexts like camping. It is not a general term for rationed food. Use 配給 or 非常食 instead.
Incorrect: 'During the war, rations were distributed.' (sounds like MREs were handed out)
部隊は糧食を携行して行軍した。
The unit marched carrying their rations.
The Self-Defense Forces' combat rations come in many varieties.
登山には保存食を持っていく。
I take preserved food (rations) when mountain climbing.
At the shelter, daily rations were distributed.
○ 戦時中は配給が配られた。
Correct: 'During the war, rations were distributed.'