Translation guide
A steep, exposed surface of rock, such as a cliff or mountainside. In Japanese, the most common and natural term is 岩壁 (がんぺき), but other words like 岩肌 (いわはだ) and 岩面 (がんめん) are used depending on context.
Referring to a vertical or near-vertical expanse of rock, especially in climbing or natural scenery.
Describing the visible, often rough or natural surface of a rock, not necessarily vertical.
岩壁 (がんぺき) is the go-to word for a steep, climbable rock face. 岩肌 (いわはだ) focuses on the surface texture and is common in nature writing. 岩面 (がんめん) is more technical and less frequently used in everyday language.
In rock climbing, 岩壁 is the standard term. You may also encounter クライミングウォール for artificial walls, but for natural rock faces, stick with 岩壁.
That rock face is difficult to climb.
岩壁に挑戦するクライマーたち。
Climbers challenging the rock face.
Literally 'rock skin', this refers to the exposed surface of a rock or cliff, often emphasizing texture or bareness. Common in nature descriptions.
雨で濡れた岩肌が光っている。
The rain-wet rock face is glistening.
A more technical or formal term for a rock surface, often used in geology or written descriptions. Less common in everyday speech.
岩面には古代の化石が見られる。
Ancient fossils can be seen on the rock face.
Best for emphasizing the texture or exposed nature of the rock. Often used in poetic or descriptive contexts.
山の岩肌が夕日に赤く染まる。
The mountain's rock face is dyed red by the setting sun.
A more literal and general phrase meaning 'surface of rock'. It is neutral and can be used in various contexts, but is less idiomatic than 岩肌.
岩石の表面にコケが生えている。
Moss is growing on the rock face.