Translation guide
The English word "serious" covers a wide range of meanings, from describing a person's earnest character to the gravity of a situation. This guide breaks down the most common uses for learners and provides natural Japanese equivalents.
Describing a person, attitude, or statement that is sincere, not joking, or deeply committed.
The most common and versatile word for a serious, earnest, or diligent person or attitude. Can be used for people, expressions, or approaches.
He is a serious person.
Emphasizes that someone is serious about an intention or action, not just saying it. Often used in questions to confirm sincerity.
Literally "without jokes," used to preface a serious statement or request.
Seriously, I need your help.
Describing a situation, problem, or condition that is bad, dangerous, or requires immediate attention.
Describing something that matters a lot, is significant, or should be taken seriously.
Describing a mood, expression, or atmosphere that is grave, quiet, and without humor.
Describing a romantic relationship that is committed and long-term.
A common term meaning 'serious dating' with marriage in mind.
These three words are often translated as 'serious' but have different nuances. 真面目 describes a person's character as diligent, earnest, and well-behaved. 真剣 implies intensity and earnestness in a specific action or situation, like a serious discussion or effort. 本気 emphasizes that someone is not joking and truly intends to do something. For example, a 真面目な人 (majime na hito) is a serious, reliable person; a 真剣な表情 (shinken na hyoujou) is an intense, serious expression; and 本気で言ってる (honki de itteru) means 'I mean it seriously.'
While 重症 (juushou) means 'serious' for medical conditions, in casual conversation it's more natural to use ひどい (hidoi) or 大変 (taihen) for injuries. Saying 深刻な怪我 (shinkoku na kega) is possible but sounds very grave; ひどい怪我 (hidoi kega) is more common for 'a serious injury' in everyday speech.
Seriously speaking, I think that's impossible.
Are you serious?
He is seriously considering studying abroad.
Used for serious problems, situations, or expressions of concern. Implies depth and gravity.
The situation is serious.
You look serious (worried).
Emphasizes the importance and potential consequences of a matter. Often used for news, decisions, or incidents.
This is a serious problem.
Specifically means 'serious' in a medical context, referring to a severe injury or illness.
He is seriously injured/ill.
Conveys earnestness and intensity, often used for discussions, competitions, or relationships. Implies a high level of commitment.
I have something serious to talk about.
Please think about it seriously.
Means 'full-scale' or 'genuine', used when something is done seriously and thoroughly, not as a hobby or trial.
He started studying Japanese seriously.
Used for formal occasions, ceremonies, or a solemn atmosphere. Implies dignity and gravity.
The ceremony was conducted in a serious manner.
Describes a heavy, serious atmosphere or a person's dignified, imposing manner.
The conference room had a serious atmosphere.
We are in a serious relationship.
Literally 'a serious relationship', emphasizing genuine feelings and commitment.
I'm in a serious relationship with him.