Translation guide
Describing something as small in physical dimensions, scale, or amount. Japanese uses various adjectives and nouns depending on what is being described and the nuance.
To say that something is small in physical size.
The most common and versatile adjective for 'small'. Used for objects, people, animals, etc.
この箱は小さいです。
This box is small.
小さい犬が好きです。
I like small dogs.
Pre-noun adjectival form, often slightly more literary or emotive than 小さい. Only used before nouns.
小さな町に住んでいます。
I live in a small town.
Means 'small-sized' or 'compact', often used for products, devices, or breeds.
小型カメラを買いました。
I bought a compact camera.
To describe a small quantity, portion, or degree.
Means 'few' or 'little' in quantity. Not for physical size.
この店は品数が少ない。
This store has a small selection of items.
Noun meaning 'small amount' or 'small dose'. Often used in formal or technical contexts.
Referring to small size as a category (S size).
Direct loanword for 'S size'. Commonly used in stores and menus.
このTシャツのSサイズはありますか？
Do you have this T-shirt in a small?
Kanji character used on menus or labels to indicate 'small' size, e.g., 小盛り (small portion).
ご飯は小でお願いします。
Rice, small please.
To emphasize that smallness is charming or cute.
Phrase combining 'small' and 'cute'. Often used for animals, accessories, etc.
この猫は小さくてかわいい。
This cat is small and cute.
Loanword 'mini size', often implies cuteness or convenience.
ミニサイズのバッグが流行っています。
Mini-sized bags are trendy.
小さい refers to physical dimensions. For small amounts or numbers, use 少ない (few/little) or 少量 (small amount).
人が少ない。
There are few people. (Not 小さい)
少量の塩を加えてください。
Please add a small amount of salt.