Translation guide
The English word "species" refers to a biological classification. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 種 (しゅ), but depending on context, other terms like 種類 (しゅるい) or 生物種 (せいぶつしゅ) may be used. This guide helps learners choose the right expression.
Many endemic species inhabit this island.
新種のカエルが発見された。
A new species of frog was discovered.
Literally 'biological species', used in more formal or scientific contexts to emphasize the biological aspect.
生物種の多様性を守ることは重要だ。
Protecting the diversity of species is important.
Means 'kind' or 'type'. Can be used for 'species' in casual conversation, but is less precise. Avoid in scientific writing.
Not precise for scientific contexts; use 種 instead.
この森にはいろんな種類の鳥がいる。
There are many species of birds in this forest.
Specifically referring to species at risk of extinction.
The standard term for 'endangered species'.
トキは絶滅危惧種に指定されている。
The crested ibis is designated as an endangered species.
Referring to non-native species that cause harm.
Means 'invasive species' or 'alien species'.
外来種が在来種を脅かしている。
Invasive species are threatening native species.
Referring to the human species, often in philosophical or anthropological contexts.
The standard term for 'human species' or 'humankind'.
人類は地球環境に大きな影響を与えている。
The human species has a significant impact on the global environment.
Often used in biological contexts to refer to humans as a species, especially when written in katakana.
ヒトは霊長類の一種である。
Humans are a species of primate.
種 (しゅ) is the precise biological term for 'species'. 種類 (しゅるい) means 'kind' or 'type' and is more general. In everyday conversation, 種類 may be used loosely for 'species', but in academic or formal contexts, 種 is preferred.
この地域には多くの種が生息している。
Many species inhabit this region.
この店にはいろんな種類のパンがある。
This shop has many kinds of bread.
The katakana word スピーシーズ is rarely used and may not be understood. Stick to 種 or other natural Japanese terms.