Translation guide
The underlying or supporting part of a physical structure, organization, or system. This guide covers how to express this concept naturally in Japanese.
The part of a building or structure that is below ground or supports the superstructure.
Most common word for foundation or base of a building. Often refers to the concrete footing or the lowest supporting part.
この建物の基礎はとても頑丈です。
The substructure of this building is very sturdy.
Literally 'lower structure'. Used in engineering or architecture to contrast with 上部構造 (superstructure).
The substructure of the bridge is made of reinforced concrete.
Refers to the base or foundation, often the lowest horizontal part of a building. Can also be used metaphorically.
The substructure of the house tilted due to the earthquake.
The underlying framework or supporting elements of an organization, society, or system.
Refers to the foundation or base of a system, organization, or society. Often used in abstract contexts.
We need to strengthen the substructure of the economy.
Literally 'lower organization'. Used for subordinate or supporting parts of an organization, like local chapters or subsidiaries.
Metaphorically used for the foundation of a system or organization, similar to 'bedrock'.
The underlying structure or deep form of language, thought, or theory.
The substructure of the political party supports election activities.
Education is the substructure of society.
In Marxism, the economy is considered the substructure of society.