Translation guide
The economic concept of supply and demand is expressed in Japanese primarily through the set phrase 需要と供給 (じゅよう と きょうきゅう). This entry covers how to talk about supply and demand in various contexts, from formal economic discussions to everyday situations.
需要と供給
supply and demand
To refer to the relationship between supply and demand as an economic principle.
The standard, neutral term for 'supply and demand'. Used in economics, business, and everyday conversation.
価格は需要と供給によって決まります。
Prices are determined by supply and demand.
需要と供給のバランスが崩れている。
The balance of supply and demand is disrupted.
An abbreviation of 需要と供給, commonly used in economic reports, news, and business contexts. More concise and slightly more formal/technical.
需給ギャップが拡大している。
The supply-demand gap is widening.
To talk specifically about the supply side.
The standard word for 'supply' in economic contexts.
供給が需要に追いついていない。
Supply is not keeping up with demand.
To talk specifically about the demand side.
The standard word for 'demand' in economic contexts.
その製品の需要は高い。
Demand for that product is high.
To refer to the economic law or principle.
The direct translation of 'law of supply and demand'.
需要と供給の法則に従って、価格が変動する。
Prices fluctuate according to the law of supply and demand.
To discuss the equilibrium or imbalance between supply and demand.
Commonly used in business and economic analysis.
需給バランスを改善する必要がある。
We need to improve the supply-demand balance.
In Japanese, the phrase is always 需要と供給 (demand and supply), not the other way around. This is a fixed expression.