Translation guide
The English filler 'um' is used to pause, hesitate, or show you are thinking. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 'ええと' (ēto) or 'あのう' (anō). The choice depends on formality and context. Unlike English, Japanese fillers can also signal politeness or soften a statement.
To pause while thinking of what to say, similar to English 'um' or 'uh'.
The most common neutral filler for hesitation. Used in casual and semi-formal speech.
Um, what was I going to say?
Um, well, that is...
Polite filler used to soften a statement or get attention. Often used before asking a question or making a request.
Casual, often drawn out. Similar to 'uhh' or 'err'. Common in informal conversation.
Uhh, what was it?
Expresses deep thought or hesitation. Often used when pondering a difficult question.
Hmm, that's a tough question.
To make a statement or request less direct and more polite, similar to 'um' before a favor.
In very formal situations, Japanese speakers may use different fillers or avoid them. This covers formal equivalents.
A more formal, drawn-out 'e~' used in speeches or presentations. Not common in daily talk.
Um, thank you all for gathering here today.
In very formal settings, a brief pause without a filler can be more appropriate than 'um'.
(pause) Let's move to the next topic.
Use ええと when you are thinking or searching for words. Use あのう when you are about to speak to someone, especially to be polite or get attention. あのう is more common before questions and requests.
Um, the name is... Mr. Tanaka.
Um, are you Mr. Tanaka?
While fillers are natural, using them too much can make you sound hesitant or unprepared. In formal presentations, try to minimize them.
Um, well, that is, I mean...
Um, I'd like to ask you something.
Um, where is the station?
あのう、ちょっと今日は都合が悪くて…
Um, today is a bit inconvenient...