Translation guide
In Japanese, a written apology is a formal document that follows specific conventions. The most common term is 始末書 (shimatsusho), but other forms exist depending on the situation and severity.
A formal written statement apologizing for a mistake or misconduct, often submitted at work.
A formal written apology submitted in a business or employment setting, often for minor to moderate mistakes. It explains the cause, acknowledges responsibility, and promises improvement.
遅刻の始末書を提出した。
I submitted a written apology for being late.
A letter of apology, used in both personal and business contexts. Less formal than 始末書, but still written.
取引先に詫び状を送った。
I sent a letter of apology to the client.
A written statement of apology, often used in legal or public contexts. Can be more formal and public than 始末書.
会社は公式サイトに謝罪文を掲載した。
The company posted a written apology on its official website.
A formal written apology expressing deep regret, often used in official statements or press releases.
大臣は陳謝文を発表した。
The minister issued a written apology.
A short written apology, often handwritten, for personal matters.
A general term for an apology letter, suitable for personal use.
友達にお詫びの手紙を書いた。
I wrote an apology letter to my friend.
A brief apology note, often left for someone.
机に謝罪のメモを残した。
I left an apology note on the desk.
A public written apology expressing profound regret, often for serious matters.
A formal letter of apology, often used in business or legal contexts. More formal than 詫び状.
彼は被害者に謝罪状を送った。
He sent a letter of apology to the victim.
In some contexts, 始末書 can be used for serious misconduct requiring a formal written apology with a pledge to reform.
不祥事を受けて、社員は始末書を書かされた。
Due to the scandal, the employee was made to write a written apology.
始末書 is a formal document submitted within an organization, often as part of disciplinary procedures. It focuses on explaining the mistake and promising improvement. 詫び状 is a general apology letter, used in both personal and business contexts, and emphasizes expressing regret.
The English 'written apology' specifically refers to a written document. For a verbal apology, use 謝罪 (しゃざい) or お詫び (おわび).