正
correct, justice, righteous, 10**40
Readings
On'yomi
- セイ
- ショウ
Kun'yomi
- ただ.しい
- ただ.す
- まさ
- まさ.に
Nanori
- おお
- くに
- ま
- まさし
- ただし
Meaning
正 centers on correctness and moral rightness: being correct, just, or righteous. The large-number sense (10**40) is a separate specialized usage.
Most common words using 正
24 of 658- 正しいただしいN4
right; correct
- 正直しょうじきN3
honest; frank; candid; straightforward
- 正にまさにN3
exactly; just; precisely; really; truly; surely; certainly; without doubt
- 修正しゅうせいN3
amendment; correction; revision; modification; alteration; retouching; update; fix
- 正確せいかくN3
accurate; correct; precise; exact
- 正義せいぎN1
justice; right; righteousness
- 改正かいせいN2
revision; amendment; alteration
- 正せいN3
(logical) true; regular
- 正解せいかいN2
correct answer; right solution; correct interpretation
- 正規せいきN1
regular; normal; formal; legal; established; legitimate
- 不正ふせいN3
injustice; unfairness; wrongdoing; iniquity; impropriety; irregularity; dishonesty; illegality; fraud
- 正体しょうたいN1
true character; true form; true colors; identity; truth (of a mystery, phenomenon, etc.); origin
- 正式せいしきN3
formal; official; regular; proper; legal; due (formalities)
- 正常せいじょうN2
normal; regular
- 正当せいとうN1
just; justifiable; right; due; proper; equitable; reasonable; legitimate; legal; lawful
- 正面しょうめんN2
front; frontage; facade; main
- 正月しょうがつN4
New Year (esp. first three days)
- 公正こうせいN2
justice; fairness; impartiality
- 大正たいしょうN1
Taishō era (1912.7.30-1926.12.25); Taisho era
- 訂正ていせいN2
correction; revision; amendment
- 適正てきせい
reasonable; suitable
- 補正ほせいN1
correction; revision; compensation (e.g. to a pendulum)
- 矯正きょうせいN1
correction (of a fault, defect, flaw, etc.); remedy; rectification; redress; reform; straightening (of teeth)
- 正すただすN1
to correct; to rectify; to reform; to amend; to redress
Study
Etymology
正 is traditionally explained as 一 (one) over 止 (stop), suggesting a single straight line that stops deviation, hence correctness. The exact historical development is uncertain, but the component explanation is widely used.
Meaning mnemonic
The top line 一 acts as a straight edge, and the bottom 止 stops any crookedness. Together they make everything correct and just.
Reading mnemonic
For セイ, imagine a judge saying 'say' the correct verdict: say -> セイ, and the gavel stops all wrong arguments.