all, completely
殄 centers on total exhaustion or completeness: using something up entirely, or reaching an all-encompassing end. The given meanings 'all' and 'completely' both point to this idea of thoroughness or finality.
殄 combines 歹 (death, bad) with 㐱, which likely contributes the sound. The exact historical development is uncertain, but the character is associated with the idea of ending or using up completely.
The left side 歹 suggests something ending or dying out, and the right side 㐱 looks like a person with flowing hair, perhaps representing everything being swept away. Together they show something being used up completely until nothing remains.
For テン, imagine using up ten of something completely: ten -> テン, and after using all ten, nothing is left.