然
sort of thing, so, if so, in that case, well
Readings
On'yomi
- ゼン
- ネン
Kun'yomi
- しか
- しか.り
- しか.し
- さ
Meaning
然 centers on a state or condition being just as it is: something being so, a sort of thing, or a natural consequence. Its uses as 'if so' or 'in that case' follow from that same idea of things being as they are.
Most common words using 然
24 of 462- 全然ぜんぜんN5
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest
- 自然しぜんN4
nature
- 当然とうぜんN3
natural; right; proper; just; reasonable; appropriate; deserved
- 突然とつぜんN3
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
- 天然てんねんN3
nature; spontaneity
- 偶然ぐうぜんN3
coincidence; chance; accident; fortuity
- 必然ひつぜんN1
inevitable; necessary; certain; sure
- 同然どうぜん
just like; (virtually) no different from; (almost) the same as; as good as (e.g. dead, settled)
- 不自然ふしぜんN3
unnatural; artificial; affected; strained
- 断然だんぜんN2
firmly; flatly; resolutely; decisively; absolutely; definitely
- 依然としていぜんとしてN1
still; as yet; as of old
- 公然こうぜんN1
open; public; official; overt
- 依然いぜんN2
still; as yet; as it has been
- 未然みぜんN1
before it happens; previously
- 天然記念物てんねんきねんぶつ
natural monument
- 騒然そうぜん
noisy; confused; uproarious
- 天然痘てんねんとう
smallpox; variola
- 歴然れきぜんN1
evident; plain; distinct; clear
- 漠然ばくぜんN1
vague; obscure; indistinct; hazy; ambiguous
- 天然ガスてんねんガスN2
natural gas
- 必然的ひつぜんてきN1
inevitable; necessary
- 大自然だいしぜん
nature; Mother Nature
- 自然界しぜんかい
nature; the natural world; realm of nature
- 自然科学しぜんかがくN2
natural science
Study
Etymology
然 originally combined 灬 (fire) with 肰 (a phonetic component related to burning or roasting), and later came to express the abstract idea of 'so' or 'thus' through phonetic loan. The modern form retains 灬 at the bottom, but the upper part has been simplified and its exact historical development is uncertain.
Meaning mnemonic
The fire 灬 at the bottom suggests something burning or cooking, and the upper part looks like a dog 犬 and moon 夕. Imagine a dog roasting meat under the moonlight, and when it's done, you say 'just so' — it's exactly the sort of thing you expected.
Reading mnemonic
For ゼン, picture a Zen master calmly accepting things as they are: Zen -> ゼン, and the master says 'so it is' while sitting by the fire.