hunger, spoil
餒 centers on the state of being without enough food: hunger. The 'spoil' sense is a natural extension, referring to food that has gone bad from lack of proper care or consumption.
餒 combines the food radical 飠 with 妥, which likely contributes the sound. The character originally referred to hunger or starvation, and later extended to food spoiling.
The food radical 飠 beside 妥 (which looks like a person settling down) suggests food that has been left too long: it spoils, leading to hunger.
For ダイ, imagine a person dying of hunger: die -> ダイ, and the spoiled food on the left offers no help.
privation