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Kotomora

曲

bend, music, melody, composition, pleasure, injustice, fault, curve, crooked, perverse, lean

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · grade 3FrequencyTop 1,000Strokes6

Readings

On'yomi

  • キョク

Kun'yomi

  • ま.がる
  • ま.げる
  • くま

Nanori

  • まがた

Meaning

曲 centers on something that is not straight: a physical bend or curve, and by extension, a twisting of what is right into injustice or perversity. The music and melody senses come from the idea of a musical composition as a shaped, curved sequence of notes.

Most common words using 曲

24 of 315
  • 曲きょく
    N3

    composition; piece of music; song; track (on a record)

  • 楽曲がっきょく

    musical composition; tune

  • 作曲さっきょく
    N3

    composition (of music); setting; writing music

  • 新曲しんきょく

    new (musical) composition; new piece; new song

  • 曲がるまがる
    N5

    to bend; to curve; to warp; to wind; to twist

  • 名曲めいきょく
    N2

    famous piece of music; excellent song; (musical) masterpiece

  • 曲線きょくせん
    N2

    curve

  • 全曲ぜんきょく

    all compositions; the entire composition

  • 曲がりまがり

    curvature; warp; bend

  • 協奏曲きょうそうきょく

    concerto

  • 曲げるまげる
    N2

    to bend; to crook; to bow; to curve; to curl

  • 組曲くみきょく

    suite

  • 曲目きょくもく

    name of a piece of music; (musical) number

  • 戯曲ぎきょく
    N1

    drama; play

  • 湾曲わんきょく

    curve; bend; crook

  • 交響曲こうきょうきょく
    N1

    symphony

  • 歌曲かきょく

    melody; tune; song

  • 序曲じょきょく

    overture; prelude

  • 曲がり角まがりかど
    N1

    (street) corner; turn (in the road); bend

  • 婉曲えんきょく
    N1

    euphemistic; circumlocutory; periphrastic; roundabout; indirect

  • 謡曲ようきょく

    noh song

  • 曲折きょくせつ

    bending; winding; meandering; zigzagging

  • 歌謡曲かようきょく
    N1

    kayōkyoku; form of Japanese popular music that developed during the Showa era

  • 一曲いっきょく

    tune (melody, piece of music)

Explore all words using 曲 →

Study

Etymology

曲 is a pictograph of a bent or curved object, possibly a carpenter's square or a curved vessel. The modern form retains the sense of bending, and the musical meaning likely developed from the idea of a shaped or arranged piece.

Meaning mnemonic

Picture a straight line being bent into a curved shape, like a flexible ruler. The two vertical strokes inside the box are the bent parts, and the outer frame holds the curve. This bending idea extends to music as a shaped composition and to injustice as a twisted act.

Reading mnemonic

For キョク, imagine a crooked music stand that makes your sheet music slide off: 'kyoku' sounds like 'crooked' with a Japanese twist, and the bent stand matches the kanji's shape.