曲
bend, music, melody, composition, pleasure, injustice, fault, curve, crooked, perverse, lean
Readings
On'yomi
- キョク
Kun'yomi
- ま.がる
- ま.げる
- くま
Nanori
- まがた
Meaning
曲 centers on something that is not straight: a physical bend or curve, and by extension, a twisting of what is right into injustice or perversity. The music and melody senses come from the idea of a musical composition as a shaped, curved sequence of notes.
Most common words using 曲
24 of 315- 曲きょくN3
composition; piece of music; song; track (on a record)
- 楽曲がっきょく
musical composition; tune
- 作曲さっきょくN3
composition (of music); setting; writing music
- 新曲しんきょく
new (musical) composition; new piece; new song
- 曲がるまがるN5
to bend; to curve; to warp; to wind; to twist
- 名曲めいきょくN2
famous piece of music; excellent song; (musical) masterpiece
- 曲線きょくせんN2
curve
- 全曲ぜんきょく
all compositions; the entire composition
- 曲がりまがり
curvature; warp; bend
- 協奏曲きょうそうきょく
concerto
- 曲げるまげるN2
to bend; to crook; to bow; to curve; to curl
- 組曲くみきょく
suite
- 曲目きょくもく
name of a piece of music; (musical) number
- 戯曲ぎきょくN1
drama; play
- 湾曲わんきょく
curve; bend; crook
- 交響曲こうきょうきょくN1
symphony
- 歌曲かきょく
melody; tune; song
- 序曲じょきょく
overture; prelude
- 曲がり角まがりかどN1
(street) corner; turn (in the road); bend
- 婉曲えんきょくN1
euphemistic; circumlocutory; periphrastic; roundabout; indirect
- 謡曲ようきょく
noh song
- 曲折きょくせつ
bending; winding; meandering; zigzagging
- 歌謡曲かようきょくN1
kayōkyoku; form of Japanese popular music that developed during the Showa era
- 一曲いっきょく
tune (melody, piece of music)
Study
Etymology
曲 is a pictograph of a bent or curved object, possibly a carpenter's square or a curved vessel. The modern form retains the sense of bending, and the musical meaning likely developed from the idea of a shaped or arranged piece.
Meaning mnemonic
Picture a straight line being bent into a curved shape, like a flexible ruler. The two vertical strokes inside the box are the bent parts, and the outer frame holds the curve. This bending idea extends to music as a shaped composition and to injustice as a twisted act.
Reading mnemonic
For キョク, imagine a crooked music stand that makes your sheet music slide off: 'kyoku' sounds like 'crooked' with a Japanese twist, and the bent stand matches the kanji's shape.