窮
hard up, destitute, suffer, perplexed, cornered
Readings
On'yomi
- キュウ
- キョウ
Kun'yomi
- きわ.める
- きわ.まる
- きわ.まり
- きわ.み
Meaning
窮 centers on being trapped in a tight, inescapable situation: cornered, destitute, or suffering with no way out. The sense of being hard up or perplexed follows naturally from that same idea of extreme constraint.
Most common words using 窮
20 of 45- 窮地きゅうち
dilemma; predicament
- 困窮こんきゅう
poverty; need; destitution
- 窮屈きゅうくつN1
narrow; tight; cramped
- 窮状きゅうじょう
distress; wretched condition
- 窮するきゅうする
to be at a loss; to be puzzled; to be perplexed; to be at one's wit's end; to be in a dilemma; to not know what to (do, say, etc)
- 窮乏きゅうぼうN1
poverty; destitution; privation; indigence; penury
- 貧窮ひんきゅう
great poverty
- 窮鼠きゅうそ
cornered rat
- 窮余きゅうよ
extremity; desperation
- 呼吸窮迫症候群こきゅうきゅうはくしょうこうぐん
respiratory distress syndrome
- 困窮者こんきゅうしゃ
the poor; the needy; the destitute
- 困苦窮乏こんくきゅうぼう
hardships and privations
- 天壌無窮てんじょうむきゅう
as eternal as heaven and earth
- 急性呼吸窮迫症候群きゅうせいこきゅうきゅうはくしょうこうぐん
acute respiratory distress syndrome; ARDS
- 春窮しゅんきゅう
spring staple shortage (before the harvest of rice, wheat, barley, etc.)
- 無窮むきゅう
eternity; infinitude; immortality
- 無窮動むきゅうどう
moto perpetuo; perpetual motion
- 無窮花ムグンファ
rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus); Korean rose
- 生活困窮者せいかつこんきゅうしゃ
person in need; person facing economic hardship
- 窮すきゅうす
to be hard pressed; to be at a loss
Study
Etymology
窮 combines 穴 (hole, cavity) with 躬 (body), suggesting a body pressed into a tight space. The idea of being cornered or in dire straits comes from this image of physical constraint.
Meaning mnemonic
A body 躬 crammed into a hole 穴 is stuck and suffering. Picture someone wedged into a tiny cave, unable to move, cornered and destitute.
Reading mnemonic
For キュウ, imagine a person trapped in the hole crying out 'Q!' as a desperate signal for help: Q -> キュウ, and the body is cornered with no escape.