郭
enclosure, quarters, fortification, red-light district
Readings
On'yomi
- カク
Kun'yomi
- くるわ
Nanori
- ひろ
Meaning
郭 centers on a bounded, walled area: an enclosure, a fortified compound, or a designated quarter. The red-light district sense is a specific historical application of a walled-off entertainment quarter.
Most common words using 郭
20 of 21- 輪郭りんかくN1
contour; outline; silhouette
- 遊郭ゆうかく
(licensed) red light district
- 城郭じょうかく
castle; citadel; fortress
- 五稜郭ごりょうかく
five-sided fortification
- 外郭がいかく
outer fence; outer enclosure; outer block
- 胸郭きょうかく
chest; thorax
- 郭公かっこう
common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)
- 外郭団体がいかくだんたい
auxiliary organization (organisation); extra-departmental body; fringe organization
- 一郭いっかく
one block; enclosure
- 主観的輪郭しゅかんてきりんかく
illusory contour; subjective contour
- 囲郭村いかくそん
walled settlement; walled town
- 城郭都市じょうかくとし
fortified city; walled city
- 外郭環状道路がいかくかんじょうどうろ
outer ring road; orbital road
- 斑冠郭公まだらかんむりかっこう
great spotted cuckoo (Clamator glandarius)
- 胸郭出口症候群きょうかくでぐちしょうこうぐん
thoracic outlet syndrome; TOS
- 負郭ふかく
land near a castle
- 輪郭線りんかくせん
outline; contour line; border line
- 輪郭線要素りんかくせんようそ
trimming curve
- 郭言葉くるわことば
sociolect or secret language used by prostitutes in red-light districts (Edo period); vulgar words used by prostitutes (Edo period)
- 郭門かくもん
gate of a castle's outer enclosure; outer gate
Study
Etymology
郭 combines 享 (a phonetic component suggesting a walled area) with ⻏ (the city wall radical), reinforcing the idea of an outer wall or enclosure around a settlement.
Meaning mnemonic
The left side 享 looks like a tall structure, and the right side ⻏ is a city wall. Picture a high-walled enclosure protecting the quarters inside.
Reading mnemonic
For カク, imagine a cackling guard at the gate of the enclosure: cackle -> カク, and his laugh echoes off the fortification walls.