noun
cosmonaut
Specifically a Russian or former Soviet space traveler, as opposed to an American 'astronaut' or Chinese 'taikonaut'. Used in contexts distinguishing national space programs.
from Russian kosmonavt
ガガーリンは世界初のコスモノートだ。
Gagarin was the world's first cosmonaut.
ロシアのコスモノートが国際宇宙ステーションに長期滞在
Russian cosmonauts stayed on the International Space Station for a long period.