noun
Rustication Movement; Down to the Countryside Movement
Historical term for the Chinese campaign (1957 onward) that sent urban intellectuals and youth to rural areas for re-education.
下放運動は文化大革命の時期に広く行われた。
The Rustication Movement was widely carried out during the Cultural Revolution.
From Chinese 下放運動 (xiàfàng yùndòng), literally 'downward transfer movement'. The Japanese reading is on'yomi.