taru-adjective, adverb taking the 'to' particle
Describes a sharp, invigorating coldness, often of air or atmosphere. Typically used in the pattern 凛とした.
朝の凛とした空気が気持ちいい。
The bracing morning air feels good.
taru-adjective, adverb taking the 'to' particle
dignified; distinguished; refined
Describes a person, demeanor, or atmosphere that is dignified, noble, and elegant. Often used for someone's bearing or presence.
彼女の凛とした立ち居振る舞いに感心した。
I was impressed by her dignified bearing.
taru-adjective, adverb taking the 'to' particle
tense; nerve-racking
Describes an atmosphere or situation that is tense, strained, or nerve-racking. Often used for a charged silence or a high-pressure environment.
試験会場は凛とした緊張感に包まれていた。
The exam hall was filled with a tense atmosphere.
taru-adjective, adverb taking the 'to' particle
Describes a voice or sound that is clear, ringing, and resonant. Often used for a crisp, penetrating tone.
彼の凛とした声が会場に響いた。
His clear, ringing voice echoed through the hall.
The kanji 凛 is a phono-semantic compound, with 冫 (ice) suggesting coldness and 禀 (report) providing the sound. The word りん is a Sino-Japanese reading used in literary and formal contexts.