also: ぶげんしゃ
noun
rich person; wealthy individual
A somewhat dated or literary term for a person of substantial means. In modern casual speech, お金持ち or 金持ち is more common.
あの分限者は町一番の地主だそうだ。
That wealthy man is said to be the biggest landowner in town.
分限者ぶって振る舞うのはみっともない。
It's unbecoming to act like a rich person.
分限 (wealth, means) + 者 (person). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the term has been used since the Edo period to refer to a person of financial standing.