noun
geographic race; geographic variety; geographic subspecies
Biology term for a population within a species that is geographically distinct and may show morphological or genetic differences.
この蝶の地理的品種は、本州と北海道で翅の模様が異なる。
The geographic race of this butterfly has different wing patterns in Honshu and Hokkaido.
亜種 is a formal taxonomic rank (subspecies), while 地理的品種 is a broader ecological concept that may or may not correspond to a named subspecies.
Compound of 地理的 (geographic) + 品種 (variety, breed). A straightforward modern scientific term.