noun
information-gathering satellite
A satellite designed to collect intelligence, often used in military or security contexts.
日本は情報収集衛星を打ち上げた。
Japan launched an information-gathering satellite.
偵察衛星 is a reconnaissance satellite, often used in military contexts, while 情報収集衛星 is a broader term for any satellite that gathers information, including civilian uses.
Compound of 情報 (information), 収集 (gathering), and 衛星 (satellite).